Brown-Driver-Briggs רוּם verb be high, exalted, rise (Old Hebrew, Phoenician, Old Aramaic, Palmyrene, all in proper names; Sabean in רים epithet of deity and king FellZMG liv (1900), 25 f. also in proper name Mordtmib. xxx (1876), 36 SabDenkm No. 14, 1. 1; Arabic be high, dialect of Oman (JayakarJA xxi. 813, 875) and Zanzibar (PräZMG xxxiv (1880), 218); Ethiopic in derivatives; Aramaic רָם, (very often in derived species and derivatives )); — Qal Perfect3masculine singular consecutive וְרָם Deuteronomy 8:14 +; 3 feminine singular רָ֫מָה 1 Samuel 2:1 +; וְרָאֲמָה Zechariah 14:10 see רָאַם; 3 plural רָמוּ Proverbs 30:13; Psalm 131:1, רָ֑מּוּ Job 22:12 (Baer Gi; Ges § 20 i); Imperfect יָרוּרָם Isaiah 30:18 +, jussive יָרֹם Numbers 24:7, וַיָּרָם Hosea 13:6; Ezekiel 10:4 [וֵיָּרֻם Exodus 16:20 see רמם]; 3 masculine plural יְרֻמ֑וּן Isaiah 49:11, etc.; Imperative masculine singular ר֫וּמָה Psalm 21:4 +; Infinitive construct רוּם Deuteronomy 17:20; Ezekiel 10:16, כְּרֻם Psalm 12:9 [Bae conjectures כֶּרֶם], suffix רוֺמָם Ezekiel 10:17 (Ges § 72 q); Participle רָם Isaiah 6:1 +, plural רָמִים Isaiah 2:13 +, construct רָמֵי Isaiah 10:33, etc, etc.; — 1. a. be high, literal rock (in figurative) Psalm 61:3 (מִן compare); be (set on) high, רָ֑מּוּ Job 22:12 (of stars), especially participle, = adjective, in General Isaiah 2:12 (+ גֵּאֶה), of mountains Isaiah 2:14; Deuteronomy 12:2, hill Ezekiel 6:13; Ezekiel 20:28; Ezekiel 34:6, throne Isaiah 6:1, trees = tall Isaiah 2:13; Ezekiel 17:22, compare (in figurative) Isaiah 10:33 (רָמֵי הַקוֺמָה); human stature Deuteronomy 1:28 (מִן compare), Deuteronomy 2:10,21; Deuteronomy 9:2; רָמִים Psalm 78:69 heights (of heaven; "" אֶרֶץ); רָמִים of inhabitants of heavens Job 21:22. b. especially of ׳י, רָם וְנִשָׂא Isaiah 57:15, compare Psalm 138:6, + עַלכָּֿלהָֿעַמִּים Psalm 99:2, גּוֺיִם Psalm 113:4. 2 be raised, uplifted: a. of highway Isaiah 49:11 (made high, put in order); voice, Deuteronomy 27:14 (participle = adjective) uplifted. b. figurative: of hand, symbol of might, Deuteronomy 32:27, + עַל person Micah 5:8; of Israel in Exodus בְּיָד רָמָה Exodus 14:8; Numbers 33:3 (both P); of ׳יs hand Isaiah 26:11; Psalm 89:14 ("" תָּעֹז); figurative of presumption Numbers 15:30 (P); זְרוֺעַ רָמָה of might Job 38:15; of eyes, figurative of arrogance Proverbs 6:17; Proverbs 30:13; Psalm 131:1 ("" גָּבַהּ לִבִּי), so Psalm 18:28, but "" 2 Samuel 22:28 of person; of heart, figurative of reckless elation, Hosea 13:6; Deuteronomy 8:14; Ezekiel 31:10 (בְּגָבְהוֺ, "" בְּקוֺמָה גָּבַהְתָּ) Daniel 11:12, + מִן person Deuteronomy 17:20; of horn, figurative of triumph 1 Samuel 2:1 (song), Psalm 89:25 (Psalm 18 see Hiph`il), Psalm 112:9, so head Psalm 27:6 (+ עַל person), Psalm 140:9 (join ירומו to Psalm 140:10, but read יָרִימוּ Che, compare Hup-Now). c. of person, be exalted (in figurative), king Numbers 24:7 (J E; + מִן compare; "" תִּנַּשֵּׂא); of God (׳י, i.e. shew his exaltation) Isaiah 30:18; 2 Samuel 22:47 = Psalm 18:47; Psalm 21:14; Psalm 46:11 (twice in verse), + עַלֿ(הַ)שָּׁמַיִם Psalm 57:6; Psalm 57:12; Psalm 108:6; ׳עֶבֶד י Isaiah 52:13, ׳י's people Psalm 89:17; rebellious Psalm 66:7 (Qr; Kt Hiph`il: shew exaltation); worthlessness (personified) Psalm 12:9; of city Proverbs 11:11. 3 be lifted, rise, of ark, מֵעַלהֿארץ Genesis 7:17 (J), so of cherubim Ezekiel 10:16, compare Ezekiel 10:17; ׳כְּבוֺד י Ezekiel 10:4 (מֵעַל הַכְּרוּב). — Proverbs 24:7 see I. רָאמוֺת b. Po`el Perfect3feminine singular suffix רֹמְמָ֑תְהוּ Ezekiel 31:4; 1singular רוֺמַמְתִּי Isaiah 1:2; Isaiah 23:4; Imperfect3masculine singular יְרוֺמֵם Hosea 11:7, suffix יְרוֺמְמֵנִי Psalm 27:5, וִירוֺמִמְךָ Psalm 37:34; 1singular suffix וַאֲרֹמְמֶ֫נְהוּ Exodus 15:2 (Ges§ 58i), etc. (אֵרוֺמָם see Hithpo`lel); Imperative masculine plural רוֺמְמוּ Psalm 99:5. Psalm 99:9; Infinitive construct לְרוֺמֵם Ezra 9:9; Participle מְרוֺמֵם 1 Samuel 2:7, suffix מְרוֺמְמִי Psalm 9:14, feminine רוֺמֵמָה Psalm 118:16 (מ omitted, Hup-Now Bae; compare Köi. 454); — 1. a. raise, rear, children Isaiah 1:2; Isaiah 23:4 (both "" גִּדֵּל). b. cause tree to grow, subject תְּהוֺם Ezekiel 31:4 ("" גִּדֵּל). c. rear, erect, temple Ezra 9:9. 2 lift up: a. in figurative, accusative of person, subject ׳י Psalm 27:5 (+ בְּצוּר); + מִן compare 2 Samuel 22:49 = Psalm 18:49, + מִן from Psalm 9:14; accusative omitted Hosea 11:7 (si vera lectio, compare We Now). b. raise waves of sea, subject wind, Psalm 107:25. c. exalt, accusative of person, subject ׳י Job 17:4 (read perhaps תְּרִמֵם, so Bu, compare Di), Psalm 37:34 (+ לָרֶשֶׁת אָ֑רֶץ); accusative omitted 1 Samuel 2:7; Psalm 118:16 (in victory); subject wisdom, accusative of person Proverbs 4:8, compare צְדָקָה תְּרוֺמֵםגּֿוֺי Proverbs 14:34. 3 exalt, extol, accusative ׳י, Psalm 30:2, "" אוֺדֶה Isaiah 25:1; Psalm 118:28, "" הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Psalm 99:5. Psalm 99:9, "" הִלֵּל Psalm 107:32, "" בֵּרַךְ Psalm 145:1, "" אַנְּוֵהוּ Exodus 15:2; accusative ׳שֵׁם י Psalm 34:4 ("" גִּדֵּל). Po`lal Imperfect3feminine plural תְּרוֺמַמְנָה Psalm 75:11 be lifted up, of horns (compare Qal 2 b); Perfect3masculine singular וְרוֺמַם Psalm 66:17 and he was extolled (so Ki and others; but see רוֺמָם below); Participle מְרוֺמַם Nehemiah 9:5 extolled, of ׳יs name (compare Po`lel 3), + ׳עַלכָּֿלבְּֿרָכָה וג. Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הֵרִים 1 Kings 11:27 +; 2 masculine singular הֲרִימוֺתָ 2 Kings 19:22; Psalm 89:43, וַהֲרֵמֹתָ֫ Numbers 31:28; 2masculine plural consecutive וַהֲרֵמֹתֶם Numbers 18:26, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יָרִים Genesis 41:44 +, jussive יָרִם Numbers 17:2; 1 Samuel 2:10, וַיָּ֫רֶם Exodus 7:20 +, suffix וַיְרִימֶהָ Genesis 31:45, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָרֵם Exodus 14:16; Isaiah 58:1, הָרִימָה Psalm 74:3, etc.; Infinitive construct הָרִים Isaiah 10:15 +, suffix הֲרִימִי Genesis 39:18, etc.; Participle מֵרִים Exodus 35:24 +, etc.; — 1. a. (I) raise, lift, with accusative, hand Exodus 17:11 (E), Numbers 20:11 (P), + ׳אֶליֿ (in both) Genesis 14:22 compare (אֶלהַֿשָּׁמַיִם) Daniel 12:7, + ב person against 1 Kings 11:26,27; feet, מְּעָמִים Psalm 74:3, i.e. run (+ ל of direction); hand or foot Genesis 41:44 (E), i.e. make any movement (hyperb.); head Psalm 110:7 (Assyrian ullû rêšu DlHWB 62 a), compare יָרִימוּ Psalm 140:9 (so read, see Qal 2 b); face, ׳אֶליֿ Ezra 9:6; hand of another, subject ׳י, figurative of giving strength to, Psalm 89:43, so head Psalm 3:4; with accusative of rod Isaiah 10:15; Exodus 14:16 (P), הֵרִים בַּמַּטֶה Exodus 7:20 (E); rod subject, with accusative of thing Isaiah 10:15. (2) raise poor אֶבְיוֺן, with מִן local 1 Samuel 2:8; Psalm 113:7. b. lilft up voilce Genesis 39:15,18 (J; both + קָרָא), Isaiah 40:9 (twice in verse) (accusative omitted), Isaiah 58:1; Ezra 3:12; + בִּתְרוּעָה Ezekiel 21:27, בַּחֲצֹצְרוֺת2Chronicles 5:13; + ל person Isaiah 13:2, לָעָב Job 38:84, + עָל person against 2 Kings 19:22 = Isaiah 37:23; הֵרִים בְּקוֺל 1 Chronicles 15:16. c. (take into one's hand and) lift, take up, stone Joshua 4:5 (J E; עַלשִֿׁכְמוֺ), leg (of sacrificial meal) 1 Samuel 9:24, mantle 2 Kings 2:13, axe 2 Kings 6:7 (accusative omitted), yoke Hosea 11:4 (עַללְֿחֵיהֶם), censers Numbers 17:2 (P; + מִבֵּין), ashes Leviticus 6:3. d. set up, erect, stone as מַצֵּבָה Genesis 31:45 (E); standard, + אֶל of people Isaiah 49:22, עַל Isaiah 62:10. e. set on high, throne, מִמַּעַל לְכוֺכְבֵי אֵל Isaiah 14:13; nest (subject נֶשֶׁר) Job 39:27. f. lilft up, exalt, with accusative of person, subject ׳י 1 Kings 14:7; 1 Kings 16:2; Psalm 89:20 (all with מִן), Psalm 75:8 (opposed to יַשְׁמִּיל); subject קָלוֺן Proverbs 3:35, compare Proverbs 14:29; with accusative קֶרֶן, in both good and bad sense (compare Qal 2 b) 1 Samuel 2:10; Lamentations 2:17 (לַמָּרוֺם), Psalm 89:18 (Kt; Qr Qal), Psalm 92:11; Psalm 148:14; Psalm 75:5; Psalm 75:6; but 1 Chronicles 25:5 sound the horn; infinitive = exaltation Psalm 75:7; Psalm 66:7 see Qal 2 c. 2. lift up and take away, remove, with accusative הָעֲטָרָה Ezekiel 21:31 ("" הֵסִיר); accusative of thing + מִן local Isaiah 57:14; Leviticus 2:9; Leviticus 4:8,19; Leviticus 6:8; = do away with, גְּרֻשֹׁתֵיכֶם Ezekiel 45:9 (מֵעַל of people), הַתָּמִיד Daniel 8:11 (Kt; Qr Hoph`al); = set apart, מֶכֶס Numbers 31:28 (מִן person). 3 lift off and present, contributes offer: a. to ׳י, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb תְּרוּמָה, Ezekiel 45:13; Ezekiel 48:8; Ezekiel 4:20; Numbers 15:20 (twice in verse) (P), Exodus 35:24 (P); + ׳לי Ezekiel 45:1; Ezekiel 48:9; Numbers 15:19; Numbers 18:19,24; Numbers 31:52; ׳תְּרוּמַת י Numbers 18:26 (+ מִן of thing), Numbers 18:82; Numbers 18:29 (all P); ׳בֵּיתאֿ ׳ת Ezra 8:25. b. with accusative of thing, + ׳לְי Leviticus 22:15. c. contribute, accusative of thing, ל person (for sacrifice), 2 Chronicles 30:24 (twice in verse); 2Chronicles 35:7,8 (accusative omitted), 2 Chronicles 35:9. Hoph`al Perfect3masculine singular הוּרָ֑ם Exodus 29:27, הֻרַם Daniel 8:11 Qr (Kt Hiph`il); Imperfect3masculine singular יוּרָם Leviticus 4:10; — be taken off from (מִן) Leviticus 4:10 (P), compare Exodus 29:27 (P; "" הוּנַף); be abolished Daniel 8:11 Qr (compare Hiph`il 2); Bev (after ᵐ5) insert Participle מוּרָם after הַתָּמִיד Daniel 8:13. Hithpo`lel Imperfect3masculine singular וְיִתְרוֺמֵם וְיִתְגַּדֵּל עַלכָּֿלאֵֿל Daniel 11:36 and he shall exalt and magnify himself above, etc.; 1 singular (ת assimilated) אֵרוֺמָ֔ם Isaiah 33:10 (Ges§ 54c II. רמם (√ of following; compare Arabic grow rotten, decay). [רוּם] verb rise (see Biblical Hebrew); — Pe`al Passive participle רִם Daniel 5:20 lifted up, of heart, i.e. presumptuous. Po`l. extol: Participle מְרוֺמֵם Daniel 4:34 (ל of deity). Haph`el exalt: Participle מָרִים Daniel 5:19 (accusative of person). .Hithpo`lel lift oneself up against, Daniel 5:23 (עַל of deity). Forms and Transliterations אֲרוֹמְמֶֽךָּ׃ אֲרוֹמִמְךָ֣ אֵֽרוֹמָ֔ם אָר֥וּם אָרִ֣ים ארום ארומם ארוממך ארוממך׃ ארים בַּהֲרִֽימְכֶ֤ם בַּהֲרִֽימְכֶ֥ם בהרימכם הֲ֭רִימוֹתָ הֲרִימ֖וֹתִי הֲרִימ֣וֹתָ הֲרִימ֣וֹתָה הֲרִימֹ֥תִי הֲרִימֹ֨תִי הֲרִימֹתִ֖יךָ הֲרִימֹתִ֙יךָ֙ הֲתָרִ֣ים הֵרִ֑ימוּ הֵרִ֖ים הֵרִ֙ימוּ֙ הֵרִ֤ימוּ הֵרִ֥ים הֵרִ֨ים הֵרִ֨ימוּ הַהֵרִ֙ימוּ֙ הָ֣רֶם הָֽרָמִים֙ הָרִ֙ימִי֙ הָרִ֣ימָה הָרִ֤ימִי הָרִ֤ימוּ הָרִ֥ימוּ הָרִֽים׃ הָרֵ֣ם הָרָמִ֑ים הָרָמִ֖ים הָרָמָ֖ה ההרימו הוּרַ֣ם הוּרָ֑ם הורם הרים הרים׃ הרימה הרימו הרימות הרימותה הרימותי הרימי הרימתי הרימתיך הרם הרמה הרמים התרים וְ֝יָר֗וּם וְהֵרִ֣ים וְהֵרִ֨ים וְהָרִ֖ים וְהָרִ֨ימוּ וְיִתְרוֹמֵ֤ם וְיָרֵ֖ם וְיָרֵ֤ם וְיָרֹ֤ם וְיָרֻ֕ם וְרָ֖ם וְרָ֣ם וְרָ֥ם וְרָמֵ֤י וְרוֹמַ֔מְתִּי וִֽ֭ירֹמְמוּהוּ וִֽ֭ירוֹמִמְךָ וַאֲרֹמְמֶֽנְהוּ׃ וַהֲרֵמֹתֶ֤ם וַהֲרֵמֹתָ֨ וַיְרִימֶ֖הָ וַיָּ֙רֶם֙ וַיָּ֣רֶם וַיָּ֣רָם וַיָּ֤רֶם וַיָּ֤רָם וַיָּ֥רֶם וַיָּ֥רֻם וַיָּ֨רֶם וַתְּרוֹמֵ֥ם וַתָּ֖רָם וַתָּ֣רֶם וָרָ֑ם וָרָ֖ם וָרָם֙ וּֽתְרוֹמְמֶ֑ךָּ וּבְרוֹמָ֖ם וּכְהָרִ֣ים וּמְרוֹמַ֥ם וּמֵרִ֥ים וּנְרוֹמְמָ֖ה וארממנהו׃ וברומם והרים והרימו והרמת והרמתם וירום וירוממך וירימה וירם וירממוהו ויתרומם וכהרים ומרומם ומרים ונרוממה ורוממתי ורם ורמי ותרומם ותרוממך ותרם יְרֻמֽוּן׃ יְרוֹמְמֵֽנִי׃ יְרוֹמֵם׃ יָר֖וּם יָר֖וּמוּ יָר֥וּמוּ יָר֧וּם יָר֪וּם יָרִ֖ימוּ יָרִ֣ים יָרִ֤ימוּ יָרִ֥ים יָרִ֥ימוּ יָרִ֨ים יָרִֽים׃ יָרֽוּמוּ׃ יוּרַ֔ם יורם ירום ירומו ירומו׃ ירומם ירוממני׃ ירים ירים׃ ירימו ירמון׃ כְּהָרִ֥ים כְּרֻ֥ם כִּמְרִ֥ימֵי כַּהֲרִימִ֥י כהרים כהרימי כמרימי כרם לְהָרִ֣ים לְהָרִ֥ים לְהָרִ֧ים לְהָרִֽים־ לְרוֹמֵ֞ם לָרוּם֙ להרים להרים־ לרום לרומם מְ֝רוֹמְמִ֗י מְרִימָ֔יו מְרוֹמֵֽם׃ מֵרִ֗ים מֵרִ֥ים מרומם׃ מרוממי מרים מרימיו ר֣וּמָה רָ֔מָה רָ֖ם רָ֝מָ֗ה רָ֣ם רָ֥מָה רָ֭מִים רָ֭מוֹת רָֽם׃ רָֽמּוּ׃ רָאמ֣וֹת רָמ֣וֹת רָמ֣וּ רָמִ֥ים רָמָ֑ה רָמָ֔ה רָמָ֜ה רָמָֽה׃ רֹֽמְמָ֑תְהוּ רֽוֹמְמ֡וּ ראמות רוֹמַ֥מְתִּי רוּם־ רום־ רומה רוממו רוממתי רם רם׃ רמה רמה׃ רמו רמו׃ רמות רמים רממתהו תְּ֝רוֹמַ֗מְנָה תְּר֣וֹמְמֵ֔נִי תְּרוֹמְמֵ֑נִי תְרֹמֵֽם׃ תְרֽוֹמֵֽם־ תָּר֣וּם תָּר֥וּם תָּרִ֑ימוּ תָּרִ֕ימוּ תָּרִ֖ימוּ תָּרִ֙ימוּ֙ תָּרִ֡ימוּ תָּרִ֣ימוּ תָּרִ֤ימוּ תָּרִ֥ימוּ תָּרִימוּ֩ תָּרֹ֥ם תָּר֥וּם תרום תרומם־ תרוממנה תרוממני תרימו תרם תרמם׃ ’ā·rîm ’ă·rō·w·mim·ḵā ’ă·rō·wm·me·kā ’ā·rūm ’ārîm ’ărōwmimḵā ’ărōwmmekā ’ārūm ’ê·rō·w·mām ’êrōwmām aRim aromiCha aromMeka aRum ba·hă·rî·mə·ḵem baharimChem bahărîməḵem eroMam ha·hê·rî·mū hā·rā·māh hā·rā·mîm hā·rem hā·rêm hā·rî·māh hā·rî·mî hă·rî·mō·ṯî hă·rî·mō·ṯî·ḵā hă·rî·mō·w·ṯā hă·rî·mō·w·ṯāh hă·rî·mō·w·ṯî hā·rî·mū hā·rîm hă·ṯā·rîm haheRimu hahêrîmū haraMah hārāmāh haraMim hārāmîm haRem hārem hārêm haRim hārîm haRimah hārîmāh haRimi hārîmî hariMota hariMotah hariMoti hărîmōṯî harimoTicha hărîmōṯîḵā hărîmōwṯā hărîmōwṯāh hărîmōwṯî haRimu hārîmū hataRim hăṯārîm hê·rî·mū hê·rîm heRim hêrîm heRimu hêrîmū hū·ram hū·rām huRam hūram hūrām ka·hă·rî·mî kahariMi kahărîmî kə·hā·rîm kə·rum kehaRim kəhārîm keRum kərum kim·rî·mê kimrîmê kimRimei lā·rūm laRum lārūm lə·hā·rîm lə·hā·rîm- lə·rō·w·mêm leharim ləhārîm ləhārîm- leroMem lərōwmêm mə·rî·māw mê·rîm mə·rō·w·mêm mə·rō·wm·mî meRim mêrîm meriMav mərîmāw meroMem meromMi mərōwmêm mərōwmmî rā·māh rā·mîm rā·mō·wṯ rā·mū Ram rām rām·mū raMah rāmāh raMim rāmîm Rammu rāmmū raMot rāmōwṯ raMu rāmū rō·mə·mā·ṯə·hū rō·w·mam·tî rō·wm·mū roMamti romeMatehu rōməmāṯəhū romMu rōwmamtî rōwmmū rū·māh rum rūm- Rumah rūmāh tā·rî·mū tā·rōm tā·rūm taRimu tārîmū taRom tārōm taRum tārūm ṯə·rō·mêm tə·rō·w·mam·nāh ṯə·rō·w·mêm- tə·rō·wm·mê·nî teroMamnah teroMem ṯərōmêm teRomMeni tərōwmamnāh ṯərōwmêm- tərōwmmênî ū·ḇə·rō·w·mām ū·ḵə·hā·rîm ū·mê·rîm ū·mə·rō·w·mam ū·nə·rō·wm·māh ū·ṯə·rō·wm·me·kā ūḇərōwmām uchehaRim ūḵəhārîm umeRim ūmêrîm umeroMam ūmərōwmam uneromMah ūnərōwmmāh uteromMeka ūṯərōwmmekā uveroMam vaaromeMenhu vaharemoTa vaharemoTem vaiYarem vaiYarom vaiYarum vaRam vatTarem vatTarom vatteroMem vayriMeha vehaRim vehaRimu veheRim veRam veraMei veroMamti veyaRem veyaRom veyaRum veyitroMem Viromemuhu Viromicha wa’ărōməmenhū wa·’ă·rō·mə·men·hū wa·hă·rê·mō·ṯā wa·hă·rê·mō·ṯem wā·rām wahărêmōṯā wahărêmōṯem wārām wat·tā·rām wat·tā·rem wat·tə·rō·w·mêm wattārām wattārem wattərōwmêm way·rî·me·hā way·yā·rām way·yā·rem way·yā·rum wayrîmehā wayyārām wayyārem wayyārum wə·hā·rî·mū wə·hā·rîm wə·hê·rîm wə·rā·mê wə·rām wə·rō·w·mam·tî wə·yā·rêm wə·yā·rōm wə·yā·rum wə·yā·rūm wə·yiṯ·rō·w·mêm wəhārîm wəhārîmū wəhêrîm wərām wərāmê wərōwmamtî wəyārêm wəyārōm wəyārum wəyārūm wəyiṯrōwmêm wî·rō·mə·mū·hū wî·rō·w·mim·ḵā wîrōməmūhū wîrōwmimḵā yā·rî·mū yā·rîm yā·rū·mū yā·rūm yaRim yārîm yaRimu yārîmū yaRum yārūm yaRumu yārūmū yə·rō·w·mêm yə·rō·wm·mê·nî yə·ru·mūn yeromem yeromMeni yərōwmêm yərōwmmênî yeruMun yərumūn yū·ram yuRam yūramLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts |